Privilege Escalation

An attack where a user gains elevated access to resources that are normally protected, beyond what their assigned permis...

Firewall

A network security system that monitors and controls incoming and outgoing network traffic based on predetermined securi...

VPN (Virtual Private Network)

A technology that creates a secure, encrypted connection (tunnel) over a less secure network such as the internet, allow...

IDS (Intrusion Detection System)

A device or software application that monitors a network or systems for malicious activity or policy violations and gene...

SIEM (Security Information and Event Management)

A software solution that aggregates and analyzes security data from across the organization, including logs from firewal...

Hashing

A one-way function that converts input data of any size into a fixed-length string of characters (hash value or digest),...

Public Key Infrastructure (PKI)

A set of roles, policies, hardware, software, and procedures needed to create, manage, distribute, use, store, and revok...

Digital Certificate

An electronic document issued by a Certificate Authority (CA) that binds a public key to an entity's identity, enabling ...