Access Control List (ACL)

A list of permissions attached to an object that specifies which users or system processes are granted access to resourc...

Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA)

A security mechanism that requires two or more independent credentials to verify a user's identity, combining factors fr...

Single Sign-On (SSO)

An authentication scheme that allows a user to log in with a single set of credentials to access multiple applications a...

Least Privilege

The principle of giving users, processes, and systems only the minimum levels of access needed to perform their job func...

VPN (Virtual Private Network)

A technology that creates a secure, encrypted connection (tunnel) over a less secure network such as the internet, allow...

IPS (Intrusion Prevention System)

A network security tool that monitors network traffic flows to detect and actively prevent identified threats in real ti...

SIEM (Security Information and Event Management)

A software solution that aggregates and analyzes security data from across the organization, including logs from firewal...

Ransomware

A type of malware that encrypts a victim's files or locks system access and demands a ransom payment (typically in crypt...