China DSL
Data Security Law of the People's Republic of China
Covers all data, not only personal data. It introduces a national data classification system with special controls for 'important data' and 'core data'.
In force: In force from 1 September 2021
Who it applies to
Data processing activities in China, and activities outside China that harm China's national security or public interests.
Key requirements
- Classify and grade data, with catalogues of important data by region and sector.
- A data security management system, training and technical measures.
- Risk monitoring and regular risk assessments for important data processors.
- Restrictions on providing data stored in China to foreign judicial or law enforcement bodies without approval.
- Export controls for data related to national security and international obligations.
Breach and incident notification
On a data security incident, take immediate measures, notify users in a timely manner and report to the competent authorities.
Penalties
Fines, business suspension and licence revocation, with the heaviest penalties for violations of the core data management system.
Related frameworks
Shows up on these exams
Official source
Cyberspace Administration of China: Data Security Law text (Chinese)Not legal advice
This is a study summary, not legal advice. Laws and their guidance change, and obligations depend on your facts and jurisdiction. Check the official source and the current, dated text, and consult a qualified lawyer before acting.
Go deeper
Compliance obligations lab
Practise this topic hands-on.
PIPL
China - Privacy & data protection
China CSL
China - Cybersecurity & incident reporting
NIS2
European Union - Cybersecurity & incident reporting
EU CRA
European Union - Cybersecurity & incident reporting
EU Cybersecurity Act
European Union - Cybersecurity & incident reporting
FISMA
United States (federal) - Cybersecurity & incident reporting